Reference: Luigi Russolo's Intonarumori

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Luigi Russolo's "The Art of Noises" is a groundbreaking manifesto that revolutionized the concept of music and sound in the early 20th century. Published in 1913, Russolo's manifesto challenges traditional notions of music by advocating for the incorporation of industrial and mechanical sounds into musical compositions. He argues that the advent of modern technology has expanded the sonic palette available to musicians, allowing for the inclusion of noises previously considered unmusical. Russolo categorizes noises into six groups: roars, whispers, explosions, scrapes, noises obtained by percussion on metal, and voices of animals and people. He suggests that these noises, when organized and orchestrated properly, can evoke powerful emotional responses and create innovative auditory experiences. Russolo's ideas laid the foundation for the development of electronic music and influenced avant-garde composers such as Edgar Varèse and John Cage. 

Luigi Russolo's Intonarumori were mechanical noise-making devices designed to produce a wide range of unconventional sounds. Created as part of his exploration of noise music, these instruments featured various mechanisms for generating sounds such as roars, whispers, and explosions. Russolo believed that by incorporating these industrial and mechanical noises into music, composers could expand the sonic vocabulary and evoke new emotions. The Intonarumori represented a departure from traditional musical instruments, offering composers a means to explore the chaotic and unpredictable nature of noise.

Reference: Harry Partch Documentary, 'The Outsider'

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